Scientists at Oxford University have made a big step in quantum computing by connecting two quantum processors into one using a photonic network. This means they’ve built a system where small quantum devices can work together, solving the problem of making quantum computers big enough for practical use.

The scientists have described the methods and results of this study in a paper published in Nature.

Quantum computers use qubits, which are like tiny bits of quantum information. But making a single quantum computer with millions of qubits would be too big. So, the researchers linked small modules with trapped-ion qubits using optical fibers. These modules communicate with light, not electricity, which helps keep the quantum information intact.

The key here is entanglement, where qubits are linked so closely that changing one affects the other instantly, no matter the distance. The scientists also used quantum teleportation to move logical gates, which are basic steps in quantum algorithms, between modules.

In simple terms, entanglement means particles are linked even when far apart, and quantum teleportation is about sending quantum information using this link.

This could lead to a “quantum internet” for secure, fast communication.

Connected quantum computers work together like parts of a larger quantum computer

An Oxford University press release explains that the scientists are not just sending information but creating quantum interactions across distances.

This allows the modules to work together like parts of a larger, connected quantum computer. This is similar to how supercomputers link smaller computers.

They tested this by running Grover’s search algorithm, which finds items in large datasets quickly using quantum properties like superposition and entanglement.

This success shows that distributing quantum computing tasks across multiple devices can tackle problems too big for one machine.

According to the scientists, this method proves distributed quantum computing works with today’s technology. However, scaling up remains challenging and will need more scientific breakthroughs and engineering work.

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